dognovel Chapter 331 Great Qin's New Political System
Chapter 331 Great Qin's New Political System
"My Daqin's current system of Sangong and Jiuqing is running smoothly, but with the continuous expansion of the territory and the rapid development of the economy, it can no longer keep up with the rhythm."
"Although the county system is good, it is not detailed and perfect enough. Now that there are more and more counties in Daqin, it is time to add a bigger class."
After returning to Yuxuan Pavilion, Ying Yu began to study the political system of Great Qin.
Originally changing the political system, he planned to start after he ascended the throne.
After all, the first emperor is still in power now.
But this time, Brother Zheng obviously intends to completely decentralize power. In order to make it easier for him to supervise the country, Ying Yu can only start reforms in advance.
And this first step is to change Daqin's current Sangong Jiuqing system.
Among the three princes and nine ministers, the three princes are the left and right prime ministers, Taiwei and Yushi doctor.
Among them, the Taiwei is in charge of the armies, the Yushi doctor is in charge of supervising the officials, and the prime minister is in charge of the counties.
Although the current Feng Quji, Meng Yi, and Wang Jian are all very competent, they are also loyal to Da Qin.
But all of this is based on the premise of the king's outstanding ability. Once the emperor's ability is not enough, whether he can suppress the Sangong is a problem.
Especially the prime minister, who is directly in charge of the counties, even if there is a difference between the left and the right, the weight is still full.
Besides, since the left prime minister Li Si was beheaded, Feng Quji was the only right prime minister in Daqin.
In this way, the power in the hands of the prime minister is even heavier.
And Ying Yu's method is also very simple, which is to divide the power of the prime minister into three by referring to the system of three provinces and six ministries in later generations.
It is divided into three departments: Zhongshu Province, Shangshu Province and Menxia Province.
Among them, Zhongshu Province has similar functions to the current prime minister. It is the head of civil servants and is responsible for drafting and issuing decrees for the emperor, but it has canceled the right to control counties.
The Menxia Province and the Zhongshu Province are in charge of the confidentiality, and are responsible for reviewing the decrees drawn up by the Zhongshu Province. If they find something wrong, they can reject it and hand it over to the emperor for the final decision.
Shangshu Province is directly in charge of Jiuqing, which is the specific executive department.
Responsible for the implementation of the edicts issued by Zhongshu Province and reviewed by Menxia Province.
The three provinces are not under the jurisdiction of each other, and are directly governed by the emperor.
If it is a memorial submitted by a local or various departments, it will be reviewed by the Minister of Shangshu, and then submitted to the Ministry of Zhongshu and Menxia after passing it.
After confirming that there is no problem, it will be submitted to the emperor for final confirmation.
Any dissent by either party, the decision cannot be enforced and must be submitted to the Emperor for final judgment.
It can be said that the existence of the three provinces has divided the originally vague functions of the left and right prime ministers into a more refined division.
In this way, not only can the efficiency be improved and the pressure on the emperor be reduced, but it is also more conducive to the centralized control of the emperor, so that the centralized system created by the first emperor can be more in place.
Ying Yu can be completely sure that once this resolution is proposed, it will definitely get the support of Brother Zheng.
As for Feng Quji, he is a smart person, so he probably wouldn't object.
Other officials will also not object, after all, the two extra official positions are also beneficial to them.
After the prime minister is settled, the rest is the reform of the Yushi doctor and the Taiwei.
In the official system of the Qin Dynasty, the imperial doctor was independent of the prime minister, responsible for supervising all officials, and directly responsible to the emperor.
In the later generations of the system of three provinces and six ministries, although the Ministry of Officials also had similar functions, it was directly under the jurisdiction of Shangshu Province.
As the saying goes, the level of official high-ranking crushes people to death, and the level of supervision of the bureaucracy, which is lower than the chief officials of the three provinces such as Shang Shuling, will be a big question mark.
Therefore, Ying Yu decided to continue the establishment of the imperial censor and further strengthen it. In addition to the court, supervision departments were also established in all counties and counties to further improve the supervision functions.
As for the Taiwei, it is actually the most embarrassing position.
After all, military power has always been the most feared by the emperor.
The biggest reason why Wang Jian said he was sick twice in three days and could not go to court was to avoid suspicion.
However, if we learn from later generations and change the Taiwei to a false position, and the actual leadership is carried out by the Ministry of War, it will form a situation where military officials are lower than civilian officials and are suppressed by civilian officials, which is very unfavorable to Great Qin.
After much deliberation, Ying Yu decided to reorganize Taiwei into the Privy Council.
Its function is similar to the general staff of the later generations, responsible for assisting the emperor in commanding the army to fight, army planning and construction, logistics mobilization, etc.
But the most important money and food must be approved by the three provinces before being decided by the emperor.
As long as the money bags are collected, there are only soldiers but no money and food, and coupled with the education of patriotism in the army, the Privy Council will not be a threat.
In this way, the status of generals is preserved, and the power of generals is prevented from being too high, which is more conducive to centralized rule.
The nine ministers other than the Sangong are Wei Wei, Lang Zhongling, Tai Pu, Ting Wei, Dian Ke, Feng Chang, Zong Zheng, Shao Fu, and Zhi Li Nei Shi.
In addition, at Ying Yu's suggestion, someone with the same status as Jiuqing will be the Shaofu.
Now that reform is needed, the General Zuo Shaofu can be directly changed into a Ministry of Industry that is more in line with its positioning.
The internal history of the government can also be directly changed to the Ministry of Households, which is in charge of the treasury taxation, is responsible for controlling prices, customs import and export approval, etc.
The Tingwei Mansion is the highest judicial institution in Daqin, which can be reorganized into the Ministry of Punishment to further strengthen its functions.
The Dianke Department, similar to the Honglu Temple in later generations, can form the Daqin Rites Department together with the Guozijian.
After all, Daqin is now the real kingdom of heaven, and Daqin has the final say on diplomacy, and the truth is that the fist is big.
What cannot be obtained on the battlefield is even less likely to be obtained on the negotiating table.
Paying too much attention will only make some literati gain too much power, and in the end it will be the ethos of kneeling.
In Ying Yu's opinion, Lang Zhongling, who was in charge of discussions, guest praises, shouzhao, and court guard affairs, was a bit too broad in Ying Yu's opinion.
It is enough for the procurator to perform the work of impeachment and supervision. The function should be similar to that of the procuratorate in later generations. It should cooperate with the Ministry of Punishment without being subordinate to each other, and implement the fairness and impartiality of the Qin Law all the time.
Fengchang, who is in charge of the sacrificial etiquette of the ancestral temple, the servant who is in charge of the royal carriages and horses, Zongzheng who is in charge of the royal family, and the Shaofu who is in charge of the emperor's private property, in Ying Yu's view, they are not suitable to be included in the Jiuqing, and they can be merged into the Ministry of Internal Affairs. .
It is directly under the management of the emperor and is responsible for managing the internal treasury for the emperor.
Ying Yu agrees with the distinction between the treasury and the internal treasury.
Moreover, the inner treasury is more convenient to spend, and the ruling and opposition parties have nothing to say.
The guards in charge of the various gates of the imperial palace, that is, the Great Qin Yulin Army, must be directly under the emperor's management. The emperor cannot personally command the Yulin Army. Later generations have too many lessons.
As for the last military department of the six departments of the three provinces in the later generations, Ying Yu hesitated for a long time, and finally added it to the Shangshu Province.
However, the functions have been reduced to a certain extent. It has the assessment of generals and the distribution of salaries in non-wartime, that is, it is responsible for managing the establishment and money of the army.
Once entering the time of war, the authority of the Ministry of War will be withdrawn, and the emperor can decide whether to transfer the power to the Privy Council according to specific needs.
In this way, the new political system of Great Qin was completely sorted out by Ying Yu.
They are the three provinces of Zhongshu, Menxia, and Shangshu who are directly responsible to the emperor, the Privy Council with the same functions as the General Staff, and the Yushi doctor who is responsible for supervising the world.
Under Shangshu Province, set up the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of Households, the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of Punishment, the Ministry of War and the Metropolitan Procuratorate.
In addition, there is the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which is solely responsible to the emperor, the Weiwei who manages the Imperial Forest Army, and the Daqin Royal Bank.
When everything was sorted out, Ying Yu directly took the sorted information and went straight to Xianyang Palace.